SYS POWER SUPPLY UM E
Regulated Primary Switched-Mode Devices
Constant output voltage,
good efficiency
In primary switched-mode power supply units the AC line voltage is first rectified. The DC
voltage generated in this way is then smoothed and chopped or switched. This is carried
out periodically by a power transistor at frequencies from 40 kHz to 180 kHz. The square-
wave voltage resulting from this process is transformed by means of a high-frequency
transformer.
The main difference between primary switched-mode devices and linearly regulated
devices is that primary switched-mode controllers first rectify and then transform, whereas
linear controllers first transform and then rectify.
Rectifyer
Smoothing Switching Transformer
Controller
Filter
Electr. Isolation
T
D
L
Input
N
G
Figure 2-9
Tr
C1
Circuit diagram for primary switched-mode devices
C2
+
Output
-
5598D006
Because the frequency at which the voltage is transformed is very much higher than the
line frequency, the volume and thus the weight of the magnetic transformer can be reduced
considerably.
If the transistor is used as a variable resistor in linearly regulated devices, it operates as a
switch in primary switched-mode controllers. This reduces the power dissipation
considerably.
In the secondary circuit the pulsating DC voltage is again smoothed. The output voltage is
regulated depending on the load using the amount of energy transferred in one period. The
amount of energy transferred can be varied by the pulse duty factor P.
P = (t ON ) / (t ON + t OFF ).
2-12
PHOENIX CONTACT
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